For questions 1 to 5 you will be given a sum AND an answer. Use your ability to estimate to work out which ones are probably right.
- 32.5 × 17.68 = 574.6
- 153.67 ÷ 37.6 = 0.409
- 3.25 ×104 × 1.2 ×10-8 =3.9 ×10-4
- 3.25 ×104 ÷ 1.2 ×10-8 = 2.71 trillion
- 153.67 × 37.6 = 6777.992
Many drugs are given in standard doses, e.g. "take two paracetamol every four hours" because they have a fairly wide range of doses at which they are effective but not dangerous. Some other drugs, many of those given to newborn babies, and certain drugs given to treat cancer or similar are given with much more critical doses. These are usually given by injection. Doses are calculated according to the formula What You Want ÷ What You've Got × What It's In. In addition, the amount you need to give might be calculated from Body Mass × Amount Per kg.
Whilst you won't be expected to remember these formulae (unless you are a nurse, medic, vet or similar), use them to calculate amounts of drugs to give in questions 6-10. You should be able to do almost all of this without a calculator. If you are following the course, please feel free to use a calculator but ONLY for the division part as we have not covered that yet.
NOTE: The drugs are deliberately called drug A, drug B etc. and although the numbers are reasonable they have not been selected to represent any particular drug.
- Drug A is given at 5µg/kg body weight. The patient weighs 60 kg. You have 500 µg in 10ml.
- The patient must be given 850 ng of Drug B. Stock supply is 1µg in 2ml.
- Drug C is given at 7.5 mg/kg and the patient weighs 78 kg. You have 1.0 g in 1ml.
- Drug D is given at 0.15 µg/kg. The patient weighs 7.2 kg. You have 25 µg in 0.5ml.
- Drug E is given at 0.15 ng/kg. The patient weighs 72 kg. You have 250 ng in 5ml.
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